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PLT418: Flight Instructor Authorizations

What code PLT418 covers, why the FAA tests it, and how to study Flight Instructor Authorizations before your checkride.

Updated September 2026 · Learning statement code · Pilot / Instructor

Official FAA learning statement

Recall regulations - instructor demonstrations / authorizations

What this means for your checkride

A person who holds a flight instructor certificate is authorized, within the limits of that certificate and its ratings, to conduct ground training and flight training, certain checking events, and to issue endorsements related to student and pilot certificates, ratings, flight reviews, and knowledge and practical tests. These privileges do not permit operations that would otherwise require an air carrier or operating certificate.

Applicants must understand the scope of what a flight instructor certificate authorizes, including issuing endorsements and giving training.

Where to study it

FAA source
14 CFR Part 61, 61.193, Flight instructor privileges
Read 14 CFR Part 61 on Aviator IQ →
Before your checkride (14 CFR 61.39)

A code on your test report is an area of deficiency. An authorized instructor must review it with you and endorse that review before you take the practical test, and the examiner may revisit it during the oral. Study it until you can explain it out loud, not just recognize the answer.