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PLT354: Radio

What code PLT354 covers, why the FAA tests it, and how to study Radio before your checkride.

Updated September 2026 · Learning statement code · Pilot / Instructor

Official FAA learning statement

Recall radio - GPS / RNAV / RAIM

What this means for your checkride

This covers area navigation (RNAV) with GPS: how the receiver builds direct and airway courses, and Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM), the receiver's own check that enough usable satellites are in view to trust the position it is showing you.

GPS is the backbone of modern navigation, so the FAA tests whether you understand RNAV capability and, above all, RAIM: without it, the position cannot be relied on for the operation you are flying.

The common trap

Pilots tend to assume GPS is always trustworthy. RAIM can be unavailable because of satellite geometry or outages, which is why availability has to be checked, particularly for approaches.

Where to study it

FAA source
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Navigation chapter, GPS and RAIM
Read Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge on Aviator IQ →
Before your checkride (14 CFR 61.39)

A code on your test report is an area of deficiency. An authorized instructor must review it with you and endorse that review before you take the practical test, and the examiner may revisit it during the oral. Study it until you can explain it out loud, not just recognize the answer.