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PLT322: VOR Navigation

What code PLT322 covers, why the FAA tests it, and how to study VOR Navigation before your checkride.

Updated September 2026 · Learning statement code · Pilot / Instructor

Official FAA learning statement

Recall navigation - VOR / NAV system

What this means for your checkride

The VOR gives an airplane its bearing to or from a ground station using VHF radio. The pilot selects a course on the omnibearing selector, and the course deviation indicator shows whether the airplane is left, right, or on that course, with a TO or FROM flag for direction.

VOR navigation remains a core skill and a backup to GPS, so the FAA tests setting and reading a VOR course, TO/FROM sense, and identifying the station.

The common trap

A VOR indication does not depend on aircraft heading; the CDI shows position relative to the selected course regardless of which way the nose points, which is why students misread a reverse-sensing situation.

Where to study it

FAA source
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Navigation chapter, VOR
Read Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge on Aviator IQ →
Before your checkride (14 CFR 61.39)

A code on your test report is an area of deficiency. An authorized instructor must review it with you and endorse that review before you take the practical test, and the examiner may revisit it during the oral. Study it until you can explain it out loud, not just recognize the answer.