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PLT111: Series and Parallel Circuits

What code PLT111 covers, why the FAA tests it, and how to study Series and Parallel Circuits before your checkride.

Updated September 2026 · Learning statement code · Pilot / Instructor

Official FAA learning statement

Recall aircraft circuitry - series / parallel

What this means for your checkride

Aircraft electrical circuits are wired in series or parallel. In a series circuit the same current flows through every component and voltage divides among them, so one break stops everything. In a parallel circuit each branch sees the full voltage and current divides, so one branch can fail without killing the rest, which is why buses power loads in parallel.

Series versus parallel explains how a bus and its loads behave and why one failure does or does not take down the system, so the FAA tests the basics.

The common trap

Pilots expect one blown item to kill the whole electrical system. Loads on a bus are in parallel, so a single failed load usually drops only its own branch, protected by its own breaker.

Where to study it

FAA source
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Aircraft Systems chapter, electrical circuits
Read Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge on Aviator IQ →
Before your checkride (14 CFR 61.39)

A code on your test report is an area of deficiency. An authorized instructor must review it with you and endorse that review before you take the practical test, and the examiner may revisit it during the oral. Study it until you can explain it out loud, not just recognize the answer.